Tag Archives: psychology

In classical philosophy a substance (in Latin, res) is something that does not depend on anything else to be second. Thus, considering the logical possibility of disembodied minds exist, is to assume that the mind is in itself a particular type of substance. This leads to characterize Descartes the two basic kinds of substances, which he called "res extensa" and "res cogitans" According to Priest, strictly speaking, there are two closely related notions of substance: 1) Something that does not depend on anything else to exist and 2) Something that may be a carrier of properties or features without being in itself a property or characteristic. Interactionist substance dualism: The Cartesian interactionism between body and soul Contrary to popular disclosed, Descartes thought that between the soul and the body was communication, or, in other words, the body could influence the soul and the latter over the former . For example, perception (a), a stimulus of a physical nature, triggers a series of physical transformations to finally become a mental event (eg, the visual image of the object), conversely, in action (b) , a mental event (the intention) triggers a physical event (the motor act) Ultimately (c), implies that some interactionism element of the series of mental events can impact on the chain of brain events and brain events do so on the flow of mental experience. Descartes was not limited to support the interaction between soul and body, but tried to answer two questions: where does the interaction? And how is it produced? He maintained that the interaction occurs in the pineal gland where the so-called animal spirits (a kind of bodily energy which could be anticipatory of the concept of nerve stimulation) as a wind shift subtly from the heart, brain and muscles to arrive at pineal gland.

the human development comes in such a way being studied for the biological conception, with the union of gametas masculine and feminine and its transformations in a human being, as for the psychological conceptions that occur during this transformation.

We believe that the relation mother-baby (or another figure of attachment-baby) either very important the form as process of psychic development of the baby if initiates (case the baby does not present no congenital malformation or any another upheaval that disables the psychic functioning ‘ ‘ normal’ ‘). Of the one not to say in the relation mother-baby, mainly in the initial phase, immediately after the birth, without mentioning Bowlby and its theory of the Attachment. The theory of the attachment considers that the quality of the relations of attachment (Former: unsafe insurance or) depends on the interactions between dade mother-child. The safe attachment, for example, depends on the contingent responsividade of the parents in relation to the baby, that is, of the capacity of the adult in revealing sensible to the signals of the baby and answering at the moments adjusted with the smile it says, it, etc. the mental health of the child depends of that it has a warm relation, close and continuous with its mother (or a substitute with equal paper for it) in which both find satisfaction and pleasure.

The type of involved behavior affects the amplitude of imitation. The trend is to imitate more or simple behaviors of what the extremely complex ones. The hostility and the aggressiveness to very tend to be imitated, mainly for the children (Bandura, 1986). Thus, what it is seen in the real life or the media, many times, determine our behavior. Albert Bandura, together with other scientists, has demonstrated that the comment of violent scenes increases the probability of that the child has an aggressive behavior in the period immediately subsequent to the television program (BRAZELTON, 1995, P. 465) a basic principle of the social learning is the distinction enters the learning (acquisition of knowledge) and the behavior (observvel execution of this knowledge). The case can be given not to have internal and/or external factors that impel in them not to act of the form that we know.

However, it has 4 elements in the learning for comment: Attention. An election exists what we give attention, what it is crucial to learn itself for comment. This election is made in function of the characteristics of the model (statute/prestige, ability, affective valence), of the observer and the activity in itself. Retention. The observed information is codified, translated and stored in our brain, with an organization in standards, form of images and verbal constructions. It must possess what if it assigns for practical cover (to be capable of the imagtica or propositional repetition of procedures that observed or rules) and of what if it assigns of practical mannering (to be capable of repeated and systematic the execution them procedures that observed.)? Reproduction. It consists of translating the symbolic conceptions of the behavior stored in the memory in the corresponding actions. It can have difficulties in the translation (former.: physical inabilidades) and therefore, the correct execution must be facilitated, when it is if to teach somebody.